Implement atoi to convert a string to an integer.

Hint: Carefully consider all possible input cases. If you want a challenge, please do not see below and ask yourself what are the possible input cases.

Notes: It is intended for this problem to be specified vaguely (ie, no given input specs). You are responsible to gather all the input requirements up front.

 

思路：INT最大是2147483647，最小是-2147483648。所以要尤其注意-2147483648取相反数是得不到2147483648的。

class Solution {public:    int myAtoi(string str) {       int ret = 0;       int i = 0;       bool pos = true;              while(str[i] == ' ') i++; //neglect the spaces at the start       if(str[i] == '+') i++;       else if(str[i] == '-') {           pos = false;           i++;       }              while(str[i] != '\0'){           if(str[i] > '9' || str[i] <'0') break; //if invalid digit, stop scanning and return the current result           if(ret > 214748364 || (ret == 214748364 && str[i] - '0' > 7)){ //if overflow, return the extreme value               if(pos) return INT_MAX;               else return INT_MIN;           }           ret = ret * 10 + str[i] - '0';           i++;       }       if(pos) return ret;       else return (-ret);    }};